Internet access in China is filtered, and the apps you rely on at home may not work without preparation. The simplest solution for most visitors is an international eSIM with roaming data, which routes traffic outside the mainland firewall. A local SIM is cheaper but requires registration and does not solve the access problem. Set up your connectivity before you fly.
In short
Buy an eSIM before departure, install the apps you need, and download offline maps and translations. Do not rely on hotel Wi-Fi for Google services. A VPN is not a guaranteed solution; an international roaming eSIM is more reliable for a short trip.
Why an eSIM is usually easier
An international eSIM with roaming data connects through a foreign carrier, so your traffic is routed outside the mainland filtering system. That means Google Maps, WhatsApp, and other familiar services usually work. It is more expensive than a local SIM, but it removes a lot of friction for a short trip.
Check that your phone supports eSIM and is unlocked. Install the eSIM before you fly, but activate it on arrival to avoid burning data. Keep your home SIM active for calls and two-factor authentication if your plan allows.
Local SIMs and Wi-Fi
A local SIM requires passport registration and is sold at airports and carrier shops. It is cheaper for long stays and gives you a Chinese phone number, which some apps and bookings require. The trade-off is that the connection is subject to local filtering.
Hotel Wi-Fi is common and usually free, but it is also filtered and sometimes slow. Do not assume you can access Google services through hotel Wi-Fi. If you need to work, test the connection before you rely on it.
Apps to install
Install Alipay (payments), Didi (ride-hailing), a translation app with offline Chinese, and a map app that works in China. Apple Maps works reasonably well; Google Maps is unreliable. Download offline maps for Harbin before you arrive.
For trains, the official 12306 app or a booking platform is useful. For attractions, official mini-programs inside WeChat or Alipay are often the only way to book. Screenshot your hotel address in Chinese and keep it accessible offline.
If you need a VPN
VPNs are legally restricted in China and can be unreliable. Do not rely on a free VPN or one you have not tested. If you need one for work, install and test it before you travel, and have a backup plan. An international eSIM is a more dependable solution for most tourists.
Remember that access can change without notice. Download what you need in advance: tickets, maps, translation packs, and boarding passes. The tickets briefing explains the booking apps in more detail.
Verdict
Buy an eSIM before you fly. Install Alipay, Didi, and a translation app, and download offline maps.
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